Modern Replacements are brand new, recently invented instruments, as well as styles and techniques that come from the 20th & 21st centuries.

These instruments and techniques are replacing the historical ones, as history repeats itself.

The most common of these are the modern baroque trumpet and the deaded Valotti temperament.

Valotti is in a curious way the industry standard for tuning ensembles and baroque orchestras. I must have been asked to play in this tung thousands of times. But what is it really? And why do we use it? The main reason we use it is because it is relatively simple to tune, and it comes preprogrammed on those horrible electric tuning boxes.

For the utmost is sophisticated Valatti debunking, I link to the most excellent article by Ross Duffin, Why I hate Valotti.

Valotti very effectively replaced historical temperaments, his system was familiar to a few in the classical period, but not widely known till the 1950s.

The other important replacement is the modern holed trumpet, which is used iin place of the baroque trumpet. The modern holed trumpet is built very differently from a baroque trumpet, as it must be: it has a different bore, different proportions, and, of course, lots of holes. It is played differently as well and sounds different. it is capable of remarkable sounds, and it would be very interesting to hear modern compositions written for it.

So why use it?

Not a trumpet player, so I can't say. Certainly the players are very talented, perhaps the new version simply sounds better with the more modern sounding baroque orchestra; I would prefer to hear the historical trumpet myself: in recordings thay edit out anything they don't like anyway. Recently I heard that the trumpet professor at the Basel Conservatory now insists that all his students play an actual baroque trumpet. Who knows? They might even make a comeback!